One has undergone transradial coronary angiography that revealed one-vessel disease of the left anterior descending artery (diagonal). As he was sent back to his room, the management to his disease was discussed.
The order says possible FFR (fractional flow reserve/transradial PCI or percutaneous coronary intervention.
According to ptca.org Fractional Flow Reserve, or FFR, is a guide wire-based procedure that can accurately measure blood pressure and flow through a specific part of the coronary artery. FFR is done through a standard diagnostic catheter at the time of a coronary angiogram (a.k.a. cardiac catheterization). The measurement of Fractional Flow Reserve has been shown useful in assessing whether or not to perform angioplasty or stenting on “intermediate” blockages.
Stenting is one of the interventions considered to open up a narrowed vessel to increase the blood flow that goes in and out of the heart.
The first instinct or consideration made is to stent a block that is more than 50% to give in the “oculo-stenotic reflex but if FFR is done, blood flow in the affected vessel could be determined and will further call for a more sound decision of whether or not to stent the vessel.
A stent would cost around P80,000 – P100,000 and additional fee for the FFR would not as expensive as that .
The special guide wire crosses the lesion and is able to measure the flow and pressure of the blood. Results are displayed on a special monitor (left) along with the “FFR value”. Studies have shown that an FFR value less than 0.75 or 0.80 corresponds to inducible ischemia, and most likely will require interventional treatment. Blockages that score above this threshold can be safely and adequately treated by medical therapy without the need for angioplasty. (ptca.org)
This has been existing along with the discovery of angiogplasty but due to size in circumference that will fit in a vessel it has somehow virtually died. Recent innovations though gave birth to devices that uses smaller Dopplers which does not need any balloons.
As mentioned, it is usually done during the coronary angiogram but for some reason, the interventionist has reserved it to be done after it and before considering transradial PCI.
I was the charge nurse one night and in my rounds I mentioned to the patient the preparation for the procedure including the needed downpayment. Although he is under an insurance company, he said that they are still to decide if they will be going for the procedure. That is what I endorsed to the incoming charge nurse and the next day that I came in, the patient has been discharged.
I hope that he made a very wise decision as his condition needs special attention.